Before metric counting took over, goods were sold by the dozen (12), score (20) and gross (144 = 12 dozen). Eggs, pencils, screws and buttons are still often counted this way, and a baker’s dozen famously means 13.
How to use the Quantity Converter
- Pick the unit you are starting from in the From menu and type your value.
- Pick the unit you want in the To menu. The heading changes to match – for example “Dozens to Units Converter”.
- The most common quantity units are shown below at the same time, so you can compare them at a glance.
- Type into any result to convert backwards, then use Copy results – the copied text starts with the heading for your chosen units.
Results update as you type. Everything is calculated in your browser.
How it works
Every quantity unit is defined by an exact factor relative to the unit (the base unit). The calculator first turns the value you type into units, then turns that into the unit you picked in the “To” menu and into each of the common units below it. This two-step method means any unit can be converted to any other – 10 units are available in each menu – and you can type into any field, including a result, to work in the other direction. Changing a unit menu keeps the quantity the same and just re-expresses it, and the page heading and copied results follow your choice.
How to convert quantity units
- Choose the unit you have in the From menu and type the value, for example 1 dozens.
- Choose the unit you want in the To menu, for example units. The page heading changes to “Dozens to Units Converter”.
- The calculator multiplies by the unit factor of the “from” unit and divides by the factor of the “to” unit: 1 dozens × 12 ÷ 1 = 12 units.
1 dozen in common units
| Unit | Value |
|---|---|
| Units (units) | 12 |
| Pairs (pairs) | 6 |
| Half dozens (half dozens) | 2 |
| Baker’s dozens (baker’s dozens) | 0.92307692 |
| Scores (scores) | 0.6 |
| Grosses (gross) | 0.083333333 |
| Great grosses (great gross) | 0.0069444444 |
Dozens conversion table
| Dozens | units | pairs | half dozens | baker’s dozens |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 12 | 6 | 2 | 0.92307692 |
| 2 | 24 | 12 | 4 | 1.8461538 |
| 5 | 60 | 30 | 10 | 4.6153846 |
| 10 | 120 | 60 | 20 | 9.2307692 |
| 12 | 144 | 72 | 24 | 11.076923 |
Formula
1 dozens = 12 units1 dozens = 6 pairs1 dozens = 2 half dozens1 dozens = 0.92307692 baker's dozens1 dozens = 0.6 scoresWorked example
Inputs — From: 1 dozens.
Results — To = 12 units; Pairs = 6 pairs; Half dozens = 2 half dozens; Baker's dozens = 0.92307692 baker's dozens; Scores = 0.6 scores; Grosses = 0.08333333 gross; Great grosses = 0.00694444 great gross.
Frequently asked questions
How many in a gross?
144, a dozen dozens.
Why is a baker’s dozen 13?
Medieval bakers added an extra loaf to avoid penalties for selling underweight bread.
How many is four score?
80, as in “four score and seven years ago” (87).
How do I change the units?
Pick any unit in the From and To menus. The value is converted in place, and the heading changes to show your conversion, for example “Dozens to Units Converter”.
Can I type into any field?
Yes. Every field is editable, so you can start from whichever unit you have.
How many units can I convert between?
10 quantity units, from the everyday to the specialised.
Which units are exact?
All factors here are exact by definition except astronomical and similar reference values, which use internationally agreed constants.
What formula does the Quantity Converter use?
1 dozens = 12 units.